Great significance: the machine is learning to cope with this real world through self-learning. If robots can learn to cope with the chaotic real world, then they can be competent for more tasks.
Main researchers: OpenAI (Artificial Intelligence Non-profit Organization), Carnegie Mellon University, University of Michigan, University of California at Berkeley.
Maturity: 3-5 years
As an important configuration of AI machine vision, infrared temperature measurement+thermal imaging will shine brilliantly in the future-not what MIT said, but what Aunt Xue said.
This set of neural network software can make the robot learn to grab and rotate the building blocks in a simulated environment through reinforcement learning, and then let the robot hand do the actual operation. This software will make random attempts at the beginning, and gradually strengthen the connection within the network as it approaches the ultimate goal.
2. New wave of nuclear energy
Significance: Advanced nuclear fusion and fission reactors are coming into reality. It seems that the role of nuclear energy is becoming more and more indispensable in efforts to reduce carbon emissions and limit climate change.
Main researchers: Terrestrial Energy, TerraPower, NuScale and General Fusion.
Maturity: the new nuclear fission reactor is expected to achieve large-scale application by the mid-2020s; Nuclear fusion reactors still need at least ten years. Bill Gates is an investor in Tara Energy and Commonwealth Fusion Systems.
3. Prediction of premature delivery
Great significance: 15 million babies are born prematurely every year, which is the main cause of death of children under 5 years old.
Principal investigator: Akna Dx
Maturity: it can enter the clinical test within 5 years.
By sequencing the free-floating RNA in the mother’s blood, Quake screened out seven gene expression fluctuations related to premature delivery. Fast and simple, each measurement is less than 10 dollars.
4. Intestinal Microcapsules
Significance: A small, swallowable device can capture detailed images of the intestine without anesthesia, even in infants and children. This equipment makes it easier to detect and study intestinal diseases, including a disease that stunts millions of children in poor areas.
Principal investigator: Massachusetts General Hospital.
Maturity: currently used in adults; Infant trials will be conducted in 2019.
5. Customize cancer vaccine
Great significance: By identifying the specific mutation of each tumor, the natural defense ability of the human body is stimulated, thus targeted destruction of cancer cells is carried out. Traditional chemotherapy has a great influence on healthy cells, and the therapeutic effect on tumors is not always ideal.
Main researchers: BioNTech, Genentech.
Maturity: already in clinical practice.
6, artificial meat burger
Great significance: Artificial meat cultivated in the laboratory and vegetarian meat made of plants can approach the taste and nutritional value of real meat without damaging the environment. The emergence of artificial meat can alleviate the devastating deforestation, water pollution and greenhouse gas emissions caused by animal husbandry production.
Principal investigator: Beyond Meat, an American artificial meat enterprise.
Maturity: at present, there is already a formed vegetable meat; Laboratory artificial meat can be successfully developed around 2020.
The production cost of artificial meat burgers may be lower than that of beef burgers. Beyond Meat and Impossible Foods (two American artificial meat start-ups invested by Bill Gates) are "vegetarian meat" made of plants. They use pea protein, soybean, wheat, potato and vegetable oil to restore the texture and taste of animal meat.
7. Capture carbon dioxide
Great significance: the practical and economical method of directly capturing carbon dioxide from the air can absorb excess greenhouse gases. Removing CO2 from the atmosphere may be one of the last feasible ways to prevent catastrophic climate change.
Main researchers: Carbon Engineering, Climeworks, Global Thermostat.
Maturity: 5 to 10 years
In 2009, Keith co-founded Canadian startup Carbon Engineering, and Bill Gates was an investor in the company.
8. Wearable ECG instrument
Great significance: With the approval of regulatory agencies and the progress of related technologies, people can easily continuously monitor their heart health through wearable devices. Smart watches that can detect ECG can warn potential life-threatening heart diseases such as atrial fibrillation.
Main researchers: Apple, AliveCor and Withings.
Maturity: now
去年，苹果发布了带有心电图 (ECG) 功能的 Apple Watch，并且该功能已经通过 FDA 认证。
9、 无下水道卫生间
重大意义： 节能厕所可以在没有下水道系统的情况下使用，并且可以就地分解粪便。23亿人缺乏安全的卫生设施，并许多人因此死亡
主要研究者：杜克大学、南佛罗里达大学、Biomass Controls、加州理工学院
成熟期：1-2年
2011 年，比尔·盖茨提出重新发明厕所挑战，并设立了 X 大奖。
自从挑战开始以来，有几个团队已经将设计的厕所原型投入使用。所有的粪便都是就地处理的，不需要用大量的水把它们送到遥远的处理厂。
10、 流利对话的 AI 助手
重大意义：捕捉单词之间语义关系的新技术正在使机器更好地理解自然语言。人工智能助手现在可以执行基于对话的任务，如预订餐厅或协调行李托运，而不仅仅是服从简单命令。
主要研究者：谷歌、阿里巴巴、亚马逊。比尔盖茨的微软在AI方面的研究也不落人后。
成熟期：1-2 年后
近日比尔·盖茨在CNN接受记者采访时谈到：虽然中国AI发展迅速，但他不认为中国能在AI方面超越美国，中国的位置将会是在第二名。
First of all, the chip level of the AI ? ? basic layer represents the quality of the AI ? ? industry to a great extent. The most important thing is that the artificial intelligence chips used by AI currently account for about 90% of the market share of American companies (Intel and Nvidia). From the perspective of AI chips, it is really difficult to surpass the United States in a short time, but it is only a matter of time.
Aunt Hot Elephant is very happy to see that China Company has maintained a large amount of investment in the AI field and achieved gratifying results. But at the same time, we can see that besides AI, Bill Gates is constantly investing in other new innovations with his genius sense of science and technology.
Looking at it, Bill Gates voted for 6 of the top 10 breakthrough technologies in the world! This ratio is really scary.
Come to think of it, is Bill Gates short of money?
According to the latest annual list of Chronicleof Philanthropy, Bill and his wife donated a total of $4.78 billion in 2017, and were rated as the most generous philanthropists in the United States. In 18 years, the total charitable donation was $36 billion.
Bill’s enthusiasm and investment in innovation, according to Aunt Xiang, stems from his deep character and his love for science and technology and social progress.
Speak up, love for mankind.
On the other hand, some of our rich people, after their success, are extravagant and cold and selfish.
It takes three generations to cultivate a noble, and how many generations does it take to cultivate a noble soul?
Senior photoelectric industry researcher, with temperature and attitude.